European Commission: Joint Research Centre, Bongiardo, D., Chiaramello, D., Dara, A., Cortinovis, R. et al., Atlas of migration 2024, Bongiardo, D.(editor), Dara, A.(editor), Crespi, I.(editor) and Sofos, I.(editor), Publications Office of the European Union, 2024.

The Atlas of Migration is more than just a publication—it is a testament to the power of data and rigorous analysis in illuminating the multifaceted nature of migratory movements. The 2024 edition of the Atlas continues to serve as a vital tool for policymakers, researchers and the public at large, offering a wealth of data to cut through the confusion and misinformation that often surrounds the discourse on migration. The Atlas provides the latest harmonised and validated data on migration for the 27 EU Member States and for 171 countries and territories around the world. It brings together data from many reliable sources, such as Eurostat, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Migration and Home Affairs, the World Bank and many others. This year’s thematic chapter of the Atlas delves into the nuanced motivations behind migration, moving beyond simplified narratives in favour of a more comprehensive view that acknowledges the diverse and often overlapping reasons that propel individuals to move.

European Commission: Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport, Vanhaverbeke, L., Verbist, D., Van den Steen, N. and Csukas, M., Consumer monitor 2024 – Country report – Sweden, Publications Office of the European Union, 2025.

This report highlights the main findings of the 2024 EAFO Consumer Monitor survey and presents the results for Sweden.

In order to address the diversity of country and territory codes and names used in the EU institutions, the European Commission has developed a corporate code list of countries and territories that covers the different use cases its services have.

European Commission: Directorate-General for Justice, Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers and Julen Votinius, J., Country report, gender equality – How are EU rules transposed into national law? – Sweden 2024, Publications Office of the European Union, 2024.

European Commission: Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers and Lappalainen, P., Publications Office of the European Union, 2024.

To understand Swedish labour law, it is necessary to understand the dominant role of the social partners. Employees and employers are highly organised (approximately 70 % of employees and 95 % of employers). Conflicts are largely resolved through collective bargaining, while legislation plays a secondary role. The social partners were influential in slowing the development of discrimination law in relation to working life.

European Commission: Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion and Gustafsson, J., Disability-relevance of quality assurance systems in social services – Sweden, Publications Office of the European Union, 2024,

The quality assurance systems for all social services need to include the principles of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) and disability considerations in order to assess whether the social services are of high quality and comply with disability rights and fully accommodate disability-related needs. As Sweden has ratified the CRPD, social services must be designed to maximise the implementation of the rights recognised in it. This applies also to the quality assurance systems, where indicators shall measure the implementation of rights, and how the social services fulfil the principles expressed in the CRPD articles relevant to the specific services.

European Commission, Directorate-General for Education, Youth, Sport and Culture. Publications Office of the European Union, 2024.

The Education and Training Monitor’s country reports present and assess the main recent and ongoing policy development at all education levels in the 27 EU Member States. They give the reader more in-depth insight into the performance of a country as regards the EU-level targets agreed within the European Education Area. They are based on the latest available evidence. The Key indicators section presents a statistical overview of the main education and training indicators. Section 1 focuses on learning for sustainability. Section 2 covers early childhood education and care. Section 3 deals with school education policies. Section 4 covers vocational education. Section 5 discusses measures in higher education. Section 6 covers adult learning.

European Investment Bank and Ipsos Public Affairs, EIB investment survey 2024 – Sweden overview, European Investment Bank, 2025.

The share of firms investing in Sweden has plateaued after steadily rising in recent years. However, the share of firms expecting to increase rather than decrease investment has further decreased in EIBIS 2024 (from a net balance of 12% in EIBIS 2023 to 7% in EIBIS 2024). Firms’ outlook over the next 12 months remains mixed. While Swedish firms hold, on balance, generally negative views on the political and regulatory climate, meaning that more firms expect a deterioration rather than an improvement, they are also in balance much more positive than EU firms about the economic climate and business prospects.

Serruys, H. and Stråle, J., EUROMOD country report – Sweden – 2021-2024, Serruys, H.(editor), Publications Office of the European Union, 2025.

EUROMOD is the tax-benefit microsimulation model for the European Union (EU). It enables researchers and policy analysts to calculate, in a comparable manner, the effects of taxes and benefits on household incomes and work incentives for the population of each country and for the EU as a whole. This report documents the work done in the most recent annual update for Sweden. This work was carried out by the EUROMOD core development team, based at the JRC in Seville, in collaboration with the national team.

The country profile on food safety is a compilation of key information for each Member State used by European Commission’s Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety to support its control and monitoring activities.

European Commission: Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs, In-depth review 2024 – Sweden, Publications Office of the European Union, 2024.

This in-depth review (IDR) analyses the evolution of Sweden’s vulnerabilities related to the real estate market and high private debt and – possibly - newly emerging risks. This year’s IDR, which follows the 2024 Alert Mechanism Report (AMR) published in November 2023, assesses the persistence or unwinding of the vulnerabilities identified last year, potential emerging risks, and relevant policy progress and policy options that could be considered for the future. Sweden’s economy contracted in 2023 due to rising interest rates and high inflation and is set to broadly stabilise in 2024. High inflation and the subsequent monetary policy tightening, combined with the prevalence of variable interest rates and high household debt, pushed down household consumption and housing construction. Housing construction in the rental sector also suffered from the stricter financial conditions for commercial real estate (CRE) companies. Overall investment is estimated to have decreased by 1.2% in 2023, driven by a decline in housing construction.

European Commission: Directorate-General for Education, Youth, Sport and Culture, Scheffler, N. and Daubeuf, C., Living spaces, cities and regions shaping the built environment for everyone – Sustainable urban regeneration in Malmö – Peer-learning visit report, Publications Office of the European Union, 2025, https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2766/54261

This report is following a Living Spaces peer-learning visit in Malmö that took place between 9 and 11 October 2024, hosted by the City Architect and City Planning Department in Malmö. Malmö, Sweden's third-largest city, has undergone significant transformation since the industrial decline of the 1980s and 1990s, particularly following the collapse of its shipbuilding industry. Under Mayor Ilmar Reepalu's leadership from 1994, Malmö shifted towards a knowledge-based economy, marked by infrastructure projects such as the Öresund Bridge (connecting Sweden and Denmark) and the establishment of Malmö University.

European Commission: Joint Research Centre, Bosco, C., Zinn, S., Ghio, D., Teobaldelli, M. et al., MicSim – A microsimulation model for population dynamics, Publications Office of the European Union, 2024.

Demographers use microsimulation for studying individual life courses and their attributes; events are specified to be the result of stochastic processes based on predetermined probabilistic rules. In this study, we developed and validated a microsimulation model to reconstruct individual’s life courses and their interactions in different regions of the European Union. One of the main objectives of this study was to track migrants’ pathways in the context of three population systems, namely Sweden, the Netherlands and Spain, from 2014 to 2018.

European Commission: European Innovation Council and SMEs Executive Agency and Rolla, C., Monitoring industrial ecosystems – EU Member States fact sheets – Sweden, Publications Office of the European Union, 2024.

This Fact Sheet forms part of a series of 27 Fact Sheets, each one providing data insights into the twin transition and the technological performance of industrial ecosystems of a specific EU Member State. It has been prepared within the ‘European Monitor of Industrial Ecosystems’ (EMI) project the goal of which is to analyse the green and digital transformation of industrial ecosystems and progress made over time. This particular Fact Sheet provides data insights into the twin transition and the technological performance of industrial ecosystems in Sweden.

European University Institute, Štetka, V., Adamčíková, J. and Sybera, A., Monitoring media pluralism in the digital era – Application of the Media Pluralism Monitor in the European Member States and candidate countries in 2023 – Country report – Sweden, European University Institute, 2024.

The Media Pluralism Monitor (MPM) is a research tool that is designed to identify potential risks to media pluralism in the Member States of the European Union and in Candidate Countries. This narrative report has been produced on the basis of the implementation of the MPM that was carried out in 2023. The implementation was conducted in 27 EU Member States, as well as in Albania, Montenegro, The Republic of North Macedonia, Serbia and Turkey. This year a part of the MPM has also been piloted in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Moldova. This project, under a preparatory action of the European Parliament, was supported by a grant awarded by the European Commission to the Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom (CMPF) at the European University Institute.

European Commission: Directorate-General for Structural Reform Support, Public administration and governance – Sweden, 2023, Publications Office of the European Union, 2025.

Overall, government effectiveness in Sweden declined between 2004 and 2014, having started from a comparatively high level. It was then relatively stable until 2019 (before the impact of COVID-19), before decreasing by about 6 %. The most recent decline is largely attributable to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Sweden has made considerable progress on the United Nations (UN) 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in recent years. Previous governments appointed a delegation for the UN 2030 Agenda, developed an action plan on sustainable development, appointed a corresponding national coordinator, and produced a government bill on the implementation of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Details can be found in Sweden’s National Reform Programme for 2023.

European Commission: Directorate-General for Communication, Public opinion in the EU regions – Sweden – National report, January-February 2024, European Commission, 2024.

This Flash Eurobarometer, ‘Public opinion in the EU regions’ (FL539), was conducted at the request of the Directorate-General for Communication. The survey is designed to assess the views of EU citizens living in each of 194 individual regions across the 27 EU Member States.

Blasco, A., Cabeza Martinez, B., Icardi, R., Krawczyk, M. and Seiger, F., Public perceptions of fairness in the EU migration and asylum system – Survey findings from 8 countries, Publications Office of the European Union, 2025.

This study investigates public perceptions of fairness of the distribution of refugees and asylum seekers across EU countries, the EU’s migration management system, and the treatment of refugees, asylum seekers and other migrants. We conducted an online survey among residents in eight EU Member States: Bulgaria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland, Spain and Sweden. A total of 8 122 respondents (18-65 years old) were recruited from consumer panels, with quotas ensuring representativeness in terms of age, gender, education and regional population in each country. Fieldwork was conducted from 30 September 2024 to 21 October 2024. The survey explores whether people believe asylum seekers are treated equally across Member States and without discrimination, how asylum seekers and migrants are treated compared with host populations, as well as people’s perceptions of the fairness of the current sharing of responsibilities across EU Member States and costs related to migration and asylum.

European Commission: Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, Sprat in the EU – Price structure analysis – Focus on Poland, Denmark and Sweden – Case study, Publications Office of the European Union, 2024.

This case study focuses on European sprat (Sprattus sprattus) for human consumption in Poland, Denmark and Sweden, which are the 3 main sprat producers in the EU in terms of catches and landings and have distinctive profiles in terms of uses for the fish.

European Commission: Joint Research Centre, Gnamus, A. and Morales, D., Transformative innovation for better climate change adaptation – Case study – Blekinge and Värmland, Sweden, Gnamus, A.(editor), Publications Office of the European Union, 2024.

This report has been prepared at the request of the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre (JRC), Innovation Policies and Economic Impact Unit, in collaboration with DG CLIMA. The aim of this report is to investigate the potential for harnessing key features of Transformative Innovation to improve the design and the implementation of Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) strategies, based on empirical analyses of territorial cases across Europe. The study draws on the conceptual framework on this question previously defined in another JRC report (European Commission, 2024). The case study research covered several territories from across the EU and beyond, comprising various institutional contexts, a variety of climate risks within different biogeographical regions, different ranges of population sizes, and representing a diversity of approaches to CCA and transformative innovation.

European Commission: Directorate-General for Taxation and Customs Union, Center for Social and Economic Research (CASE), Oxford Economics, Syntesia, Poniatowski, G. et al., VAT gap in the EU – Country report 2024 – Sweden, Publications Office of the European Union, 2025.

The VAT Gap represents the difference between expected VAT revenues and those actually collected, reflecting compliance challenges, policy inefficiencies, and enforcement gaps. As part of the European Commission’s ongoing efforts to improve VAT compliance and revenue collection, these 27 country reports provide in-depth analyses of the VAT Gap at a national level. Each report offers a detailed examination of a specific Member State’s VAT Gap trends, key drivers, and the impact of policy measures. By breaking down the data country by country, the reports serve as essential resources for national tax administrations, policymakers, and researchers seeking targeted insights without navigating the full EU-wide analysis.