Tectum Verlag, 2019, 145 pages.
After two decades of rather moderate interest in European energy issues, the awareness for this policy area began to grow again in the early 21st century. This is due to several changes in the energy market. Firstly, the great powers increasingly compete for access to energy resources. Secondly, the second biggest exporter of energy resources, Russia, started to develop its energy diplomacy by trying to transform resource wealth into political power. After several gas crises in Ukraine, the effectiveness of Russias energy weapon became only too clear.

By Sandra Häbel (RISC-RISE, Johannesburg, ZA), Emma Hakala (Finnish Institute of International Affairs). In: Environmental policy and governance, 2021-11, Vol.31 (6), p.633-646.
The EU is a key actor championing sustainable development, often considered to be a ground breaker particularly in environmental policies. At the same time, the EU aims to be a significant global security actor, and it has also recognised the role of environmental change as a factor for security. In this article, we explore whether the EU coherently integrates the sustainable development dimensions (society, environment, economy) in its renewable energy policies through inductive and deductive content analysis of key policy documents.

By Marco Siddi, Irina Kustova (both from Finnish Institute of International Affairs). In: Journal of European Public Policy, Volume 28, 2021 - Issue 7, Special Issue: EU climate and energy governance in times of crisis.
Most scholars have described the European Union (EU) as a liberal actor in its approach to international climate and energy governance. This paper argues that the EU has shifted to a strategic approach, including the use of legislation and the adoption of negotiating positions that promote a political agenda. This is illustrated through an analysis of the EU’s evolving stance on multilateral energy governance and its handling of the Nord Stream 2 project.

By Robert A. Huber (Univ. Salzburg, AT), Tomas Maltby (King’s College London, UK), Kacper Szulecki (Univ. Oslo, NO), Stefan Ćetković (Tech. Univ. Munich, DE). In: Journal of European public policy, 2021-07-03, Vol.28 (7), p.998-1017.
The article looks "at the policy discourses, positions and actions of six European populist parties from Austria, Czechia, Greece, Italy, Poland and Spain belonging to different types of populism. We argue that there is substantial and largely neglected variation among different populist parties in their approach to and effects on EU energy and climate policy (ECP). We find support for the notion that right-wing and right-leaning valence populist parties are at odds with ambitious EU ECP."

By Piotr Bórawski (Univ. Warmia and Mazury, PL) and others. In: Renewable energy, 2020-12, Vol.161, p.691-700.
The European Union onshore wind energy market seems to be stable. Wind power plays an important role as a source of energy supply. The most important wind gross electricity producers in the EU are: Germany and Spain. The highest increase of wind cumulative installed capacity in 2022 will be in Croatia.

By Energy Transition Expertise Centre (EnTEC) for DG Energy (European Commission), 2022, 265 pages.
In 2019, the European Commission announced its European Green Deal, a set of policy initiatives to curb CO2 emissions across the economy by 2050, and in summer 2021 the Commission presented the Fit for 55 package, which set an intermediate target to reduce emissions by 55% from 1990 levels by 2030 ... This report ... looks at topics related to energy transition and focuses on potential solutions for enabling a renewables-based power system that are primarily at least strongly digital.

"The increasing evidence of climate change and growing dependence on energy have underlined the determination of the European Union (EU) to become the world’s first climate-neutral continent and economy and ensure that the energy consumed is secure, safe, competitive, locally produced and sustainable.
The European Green Deal aims to make the EU’s climate, energy, transport and taxation policies fit for reducing net greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030, compared to 1990 levels, with a goal of reaching climate neutrality by 2050, as set out as a binding obligation in the European Climate Law."

Policy brief by Mark Leonard, Jeremy Shapiro (both at European Council on Foreign Relations), Jean Pisani-Ferry, Simone Tagliapietra and Guntram Wolf (all at Bruegel), 2021, 23 pages.
The European Green Deal is a plan to decarbonise the EU economy by 2050, revolutionise the EU’s energy system, profoundly transform the economy and inspire efforts to combat climate change. But the plan will also have profound geopolitical repercussions. The Green Deal will affect geopolitics through its impact on the EU energy balance and global markets; on oil and gas-producing countries in the EU neighbourhood; on European energy security; and on global trade patterns, notably via the carbon border adjustment mechanism. At least some of these changes are likely to impact partner countries adversely.

The dashboard monitors progress of buildings across the EU 27 Member States towards the 2050 net-zero GHG emissions goal. It focuses on the structural drivers of GHG emissions in residential buildings, which represent 75% of the European buildings stock. The dashboard shows the development of key energy parameters since 2005 and will be regularly updated over the coming years. This should normally happen in January, when Eurostat publishes new energy data. Policy indicators will be updated as new information becomes available. The dashboard is made for the European Climate Foundation and first published in June 2021.