Graziano, Gigi, Institut Universitari d'Estudis Europeus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2008, 45 pages.

The essay looks at the Prodi Commission (1999-2004) in the context of the institutional balance in the European Union. Not only did Prodi come into office at a time of unprecedented weakness of the executive, but the Commission operates within a changing institutional equilibrium, one made more precarious by the shifting political disposition of the member States.

Cini, Michelle. In: Leaderless Europe, 2008.

Kassim, Hussein, Menon, Anand, Revue française de science politique, 53 (4), 2003, pages 491-511.

Examines evolution of relations between the European Commission and national governments since Romano Prodi assumed the Commission presidency in Sept. 1999; argues that the Commission's decline has increased under Prodi due to his tactical errors and member states' desire to maintain their autonomy; implications for European integration.